Adding device and register



3 Sheets Sheet 1.

T. J. LOOKWOOD.

ADDING DEVICE AND REGISTER.

(No Model.)

Patented July 4, 1893.

java fez 5513 3110/ afiozvuu b' (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.- T. J.LOOKWOOD. ADDING DEVICE AND REGISTER.

Patented July 4,1893.

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(No Model.) 38heets-Sheet 3. T. J. LOOKWOOD. ADDING DEVICE AND REGISTER.

No. 500,919. Patented July 4, 1893.

%WM% as W 61mm WWW UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS J. LOOKWOOD, OF MUNOIE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL OASI'IREGISTER COMPANY; OF DAYTON, OHIO.

ADDING DEVICE AND REGISTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 500,919, dated July 4,1893.

Application filed October 1. 1890. Serial No. 366,726. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. LocKwooD, of Muncie, in the county ofDelaware and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Adding Devices and Registers; and I do hereby declarethefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention relates to improvements in adding devices and registerssuch as are particularly designed for use in what are known [5 as cashregisters and it consists in the novel construction and combinations andsub-combinations of parts which will be first described and then pointedout particularly in the clauses of claim at the close of thisspecification.

In the accompanying drawings I have attempted to show so much only of acash register as is necessary to illustrate the application ofmyinvention to that class of machines.

Figure 1 represents in elevation the dial and pointer for indicating thesum total of the sales or other items of which the machine is designedto keep an account; the motor mechanism and gearing. by which the powerof the same is communicated to the revoluble detents and the detentarresters; and one of the finger keys; and connecting mechanism by whicha revoluble detent and its corresponding detent arrester are separatedand at the same time prevented from forward rotation. Fig. 2 is a frontelevation of two sets of revoluble detents and detent arresters showingthe shaft upon which they are mounted and means for separating thedetent supports from the detent arresters. Figs. 3 and 4 represent thedisks which constitute one of the detent supports. Fig. 4 represents aview of the opposite side of the disk shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 5 a view ofone of the detent 4.5 arresters; Fig. 6 a detail view showing the partsconstituting the detent arrester; Fig. 7 a sectional view takenlongitudinally through the shaft upon which the detentsnpports anddetent arresters are mounted. Fig. 8 is. a cross sectional view taken onthe line 8-8 Fig. 7 looking to the left. Fig. 0 is a similar view takenon the line 9-9 of the same figure also looking to the left; Figs. 10and 11 views illustrating the manner in which the separating devices orwedges controlled by the finger ke s operate to separate the detentarresters from the detent support and at the same time lock saidsupports and arresters from forward rotation and vice versa.

The same letters of reference in the several figures indicate the sameor similar parts.

A represents a fixed shaft upon which the principal operative parts ofthe mechanism are mounted.

B is a disk loosely mounted upon the shaft A and having secured to it apinion b with which meshes a gear 6 (Fig.1) that carriesa pinion b whichis in mesh with and receives motion from a drum b actuated by aspringmotor A all as shown in Fig. 1. Also loosely mounted upon theshaft A is a disk E which has a series of pins 6 (see Figs. 2 and 4) onthe side adjacent the disk B which pins are adapted to entercorresponding apertures in said last mentioned disk to permit lateralmotion of the two disks relatively to each other along the shaft A butcause them to rotate together. Between the disks B and E, springs E areinterposed the incidental effect of which is to keep saiddisksBandEseparated but the main purpose of which is to cause the disk Eto be pressed toward a third disk F loose on the hub of disk E and tokeep one or more detents 6 (Figs. 4, 7, and 8) carried on the diskE inengagement with corresponding peripheral notches g in a smaller disk Gsupported upon the hub of the disk F.

The disks l3 and E which rotate together and the latter of which carriesthe detents e constitute What may be hereinafter referred go to as adetent support or revoluble detent support; and the disk F withitssmaller disk G together constitute what may be hereinafter termed adetent arrester.

Referring particularly to the structure of 5 the detent arrester it willbe seen that both the disk F and the disk G have respectively hubs f andg projecting from their proximate faces, the former hub f'fitting withinthe latter g, as shown in Fig. 7, and the relative po- 10o sition of theparts being preserved by means of a bushing g screwed into the hub f andhaving its head or flange seated in an annular recess or seat in theouter surface of the disk G. This bushing serves to hold the disk G tothe disk F while permitting it to rotate freely on the hub f of the diskF. The interior of the bushing g forms the bore of the hub of the disk Fand its bearing on the hub of the disk E. From that side of the disk Gwhich is next the disk F projects a stop g Fig. 2 and from the side ofthe disk F project two other stops K, K between which the stop 9 of thedisk Gis capable of a limited movement. A spring I connected at one endto a lug on the disk F and at the other end to the hub of the disk Gtends to rotate the disk G backward in the direction indicated by thearrow in Fig. 2. Further along the shaft A is a duplication of disks,springs, stops, &c., already described, constituting another detentsupport and detent arrester, the only diiference being that the stopsK*, and K upon the disk F corresponding to the stops K, K, on the disk Fof the first set, are farther apart so as to permit a greater latitudeof movement to the stop 9 than is permitted to the stop 9 The number ofsets of detent supports and co-operating detent arresters may becontinued along the shaft indefinitely it only being essential that thelast disk of the series be anchored or fixed rigidly to some part of theframe work, as shown forinstance at B in Figs. 2 and 7, in order that,the connected series of disks may be normally prevented from rotation bythe action of the spring motor.

I have illustrated in the drawings but two sets of detent supports anddetents and co operating detent arresters. The first of these isdesigned to register amounts of say five cents, to which end theperiphery of the disk G of the detent arrester is provided with twentynotches g for co-operation with the detents e of the detent support andthe stop 9 on said disk is placed immediately beneath one of saidnotches while the stops K, K, on the disk F with which the said stop gco-operates are separated a distance just equal to the distance betweenthe peripheral notches of the disk G.

From the construction so fardescribed it will be understood that thecoiled spring I is constantly tending to turn the disk G backward (inthe direction of the arrow on said disk in Fig. 2) and that the disk isheld from turning under the impulse of the spring by the engagement ofnotches in its periphery with the detents e on disk E. It will also beunderstood that the main actuating motor of the machine (the coiledspring A in Fig. l) is constantly tending (through the medium of thetrain of gears 1), (1 ,6 and b) to turn the disks B and E in thedirection indicated by the arrow on the pinion Z), and that they areheld in check only by the stop 9 on disk G bearing against the lowerstop K on disk F, the latter being held in check by the train of disksand connections behind it, all of which ately turn the disk G backwardin the direction of the arrow on it until the stop g strikes the upperstop K on the disk F. As before stated the stops K and K are suchdistance apart that the movement of the stop 9 from one to the otherwill move the disk G just the distance between two of its notches; sothat when the disk G is moved backward by the spring I, as abovedescribed, other notches in its periphery are brought into line with thedetents e on disk E. If the press" ure which has spread apart disks Eand F or moved E away from F, be now removed the springs E will push Eback toward F again and the detents 6 will engage the new notches in thedisk G which have been brought into line with them. At this point of theoperation, inasmuch as the main motor A is tending to turn the disk E inthe direction of the arrow on the pinion b, Fig. 2 and inasmuch as thestop 9 whose engagement with the stop K normally holds the disk fromturning in that direction is now up against the upper stop K, it will beseen that the only thing which holds the disk E from turning under theimpulse of the main motor is the means which was applied to it for thatpurpose at the same time that it was moved away from the disk F, so thatif it be now released from such holding means it will immediately turnforward until the stop 9 again engages the lower stop K on disk F. Theresult of this operation is that whenever the disk E is moved away fromdisk F and held from turning the disk G will turn backward untilarrested by engagement of the stop g with the upper stop K on disk F,and that upon allowing disk E to be pressed back toward disk F by thesprings E and then released it will turn forward one twentieth of arevolution (the distance, as before stated, between the notches on thedisk G) and in so turning will turn the disk B and pinion I) with it,and the pinion b may transmit such movement to a registering device, ashereinafter described. It will be also understood that in this turningforward of the disk E, carrying the disk G with it until the stop gengages the stop K, the main motor overcomes the tension of the spring Iwhich has turned the disk G backward, and winds up said spring ready forthe next operation, so that upon again moving the disk Eaway from disk Fand disengaging its detents e from the notches in the disk G the latterwill be immediately turned backward by the spring I until the stop gstrikes the stop K, as before described.

In Figs. 2 and 7 the disks E and F corresponding to the disks E F of thefirst set, are shown spread apart and the detents 63X disengaged fromthe notches g in the periphery of the disk G The coiled springcorresponding to the spring I of the first set has turned the disk Grbackward until its stop g has engaged the upper stop K on the disk F. Itwill be seen that the stops K and K of this second set are farther apartthan the stops K and K of the first set, so that in moving the stop gfrom one to the other the disk G will turn the distance between severalof its notches. As illustrated in the drawings it is intended to turnthe distance between four of its notches or four twentieths of arevolution. The disk F of the first set and the disk E of the second setare so connected as to rotate together, but at the same time beingcapable of moving laterally on the shaft A toward and from each other,Figs. 2 and 7. As shown in the drawings this connection is formed bypins 62X upon the disk E passing through holes in the disk F. Springssimilar to E are interposed between the disks F and E, to restore themto normal position after they have been moved laterally on the shaft Atoward each other. Similar springs are also interposed between the diskF and the last disk of the series, which disks are connected by pins E2)similar to the pins e From the connection of the disks F and E by thepins E it will be seen that the power of the main motor is transmittedthrough the first set of disks to the disk E and constantly tends toturn said disk forward, as it does the disk E. Such being the case,when, in the position of the parts shown in Figs. 2 and 7, the disk F isallowed to move backward toward the disk F and its detents 63X to engagethe new notches in the disk GX and is then released, the power of themain motor will immediately turn it forward until the stop g on disk G?again engages the lower stop K on disk F As the disk E thus turnsforward the disks E and F and pinion b will of course turn with it,since it is throughthem that the power of the motor is transmitted tothe disk E and the registering device actuated by the pinion b willconsequently register four twentieths of a revolution.

It will thus be seen that the several sets of disks and theirconnections (no matter how many there may be) constitute an escapementmechanism which normally holds the main motorin check, and that whendifferent portions of this escapement mechanism are operated in themanner described the motor is allowed to expend more or less of itspower, according to which portion of the escapement mechanism isoperated, and consequently to add a greater or less amount upon theregistering device which may be actuated by the pinion b. The power ofthe motor is transmittedfrom this pinion I) through all of the sets ofdisks and theirconneetions which may be mounted on the shaft A to thefixed point 3 to which the last disk of the series is secured. It willtherefore be seen that not only will the disengagement of any detentdisk (as E) from its co-operating escapement disk (as G,) and theirre-engagement with each other and release of the detent disk, in themanner before described, permit the motor to turn the pinion b adistance proportionate to the distance between the two stops (as K andK) with which the stop upon the operated escapement co-operates, butalso that if any two or more detent disks be simultaneously disengagedfrom their co-operating escapement disks and held from turning, and arethen simultaneously allowed to re-engage their respective escapementdisks and released, the motor will be allowed to turn the pinion b adistance equal to the sum of all of the distances turned by the severaloperated detent disks. Thus, in Figs. 2 and 7 if the disks E and E besimultaneously moved to the left to disengage their detents from thedisks G and G and be held from turning under the impulse of the mainmotor, the coiled springs I, 8.70., will immediately turn the disks Gand G backward until their stops,

and g engage the upper stops K and K upon the disks F and F audit thedisks E and E are then allowed to move to the right again to re-engagetheir detents with the disks G and G and are then released, the powerofthe main motor which, as before stated, constantly tends to turn thepinion b and disks B and E forward in the direction indicated by thearrow on said pinion, will at once turn the disk E in that directionuntil the stop 9 strikes the stop K. At this point the power of the mainmotorA is brought to bear upon the disk F, and, through the pins 62X,upon the disk E and as the stop 9 upon the disk G which normally holdsthe disk E from being turned by the motor, is now up against the underside of the upper stop E there is nothing to hold the disk E in checkand the motor is therefore allowed to turn it forward until the stop gis brought into engagement with the lower stop K It will thus be seenthat the operation of the first set of disks has allowed the motor toturn the pinion 1) forward the distance between two notches upon thedisk G, or one twentieth of a revolution, while the simultaneousoperation of the second set of disks has permitted the motor to turn thepinion forward an additional four twentieths of a revolution; the resultof the simultaneous operation of the two sets of disks being that themotor is allowed to turn the pinion 1) forward five twentieths of arevolution and to make a corresponding registry upon the mechanismconnected with said pinion.

Itwill of course be understood that if there were half a dozen sets ofdisks mounted on the shaft A between the main motor and thc' fixed pointB, the simultaneous operation of all of them would permit the motor toturn the pinion b a distance equal to the sum of the movements of all.of the detent disks.

inasmuch, as before stated, the train of disks and connections mountedon the shaft A constitute simply an escapement mechanism, holding themain motor in check, and

controlling the extent of its movements, it is" of course evident thatthe registering device to be actuated by the motor need not be operatedby the same pinion Z) through which the power of the motor istransmitted to the escapement mechanism, but may be driven by the motorthrough another and separate connection.

It remains now to describe mechanism by which either the disks E and Fof the first set or the disks E and F of the second set may be separatedand at the same time the detent disk of the set (E orE be locked fromforward rotation when the appropriate finger keys representing theamounts to be registered by the respective sets are pressed. A varietyof arrangements for accomplishing this result would at once suggestthemselves to any skilled mechanic, and Ihave deemed it sufficient toherein illustrate only one of the simplest embodiments, the same beingshown particularly in Figs. 1, 2, and 7. Referring to said figures, Mand N represent two pivoted bars, one above and the other below the pairof disks to be acted upon, the former being suitably connected to thekey lever L in front of the pivot shaft L thereof and the latter beingsuitably connected to said key lever in rear of said pivot shaft so thatupon the depression of the key lever the bar M will be depressed and thebar N will be simultaneously raised and vice versa. Upon the bar M issecured by a set screw or otherwise a block M having inclined sides asshown in Figs. 2 and 7 and provided with laterally projecting pins mwhich latter are adapted to engage with the peripheral notches c of theadjacent disks E, F or E and F designed to be separated. Upon the lowerpivoted bar N is arranged in like manner a block N of similar wedgeshape form and provided with laterally projecting pins n. Each time afinger key, say the five cent key controlling the operation of the disksE, F, is depressed the wedge shaped blocks M, N, the one from above andthe other from below are forced between the disks E, F, the first resultaccomplished by this action, being to cause the lateral pins m, n, toengage the peripheral notches of said disks and thus lock the disk Efrom forward rotation as before explained and the second result being tocause the disks to be forced sufficiently far to draw the detents (2 outof engagement with the peripheral notches in the disk G of the detentarrester and permit said disk G to be rotated backward by its spring Ias hereinbefore described. Upon the removal of pressure from the fingerkey the blocks M and N are withdrawn from between the disks E and F, thedisks again approach each other and the detents on the disk E engage thenew notches of the disk G, brought opposite them by the backward motionof said disk G before the pins m H release the disk E after which theconnected disks E and G advance, under the stress of the spring motor,till the stop g on the disk G is again arrested by the forward stop K onthe disk F. The pinion b (Fig. 1) through which the disk D (Fig. 2)receives motion from the spring drum (the main motor) has twenty teethand its motion is transmitted through gears d, (I, having likewise eachtwenty teeth, to a shaft d bearing a pointer D. This pointer is arrangedto co-operate with a dial D having twenty graduations numbered inmultiples of five from five to one hundred.

Since all the disks of the series receive their forward motion throughthe disk D to which the gear I) is secured it followsthat the forwardmovement of any disk of the series due to the depression of any fingerkey as before described ispartaken of by said disk D and gear I) and isindicated upon the dial D, and, if two keys are depressed at once, thesum of the forward movements resulting therefrom is likewise exhibitedupon the dial. The dial thus becomes atotal register of the operationsof the machine and by the addition of well known counting mechanism, therevolutions of the pointer may be registered 011 another dial and so onad infinitum till the desired capacity of the machine is reached.

The ability to operate two keys at once representing different valuesand to have the sum total of the values registered on a total registeris one of the most valuable features of this machine.

I am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to combine aspring-motor, an escapement wheel, a detent for holding said wheel frommovement, and a series of keys of different values and adjustable stopsactuated thereby and cooperating with the escapement wheel, in suchmanner that when a key is pressed its stop is set, and the escapementwheel is freed from the detent and allowed to turn until arrested bysaid stop, and thereby add the value of the operated key upon a registergeared to the escapement wheel or otherwise driven by the motor; but insuch instance a single escapement wheel was arranged to co-operate witha series of keys and its Variable movements were determined by therelative positions of the series of stops which were set by theoperations of the (lifferent keys. In my machine no such series ofgraduated or relatively positioned stops is employed, and the operationof the escape ment mechanism is radically different. Moreover,it was notpossible in theinstance above mentioned to cause the sum of twosimultaneously operated keys to be added upon the register, as in mymachine.

I am also aware that ithas heretofore been proposed to combine a motor,an escap'ement mechanism holding in check, and a series of operatingdevices for said escapements, in such manner that the simultaneousoperation of two or more of such devices would cause the sum of theiroperations to be indicated upon a register driven by the motor, but insuch instances with which I am familiar the several operating devicesand their co-operating escapements were adapted to cause or permit equaland uniform movements of the motor, so that when one of them wasoperated the motor would be allowed to move one unit of distance, whentwo of them were operated it would move tWo units of distance, whenthree were operated three units of distance, and so on; whereas in mymachine the motor moves different distances under the operations ofdifferent keys and their co-operating escapements, and if two or more ofthem be operated at once the motor will be permitted to move, not simplyto indicate the number which have been operated, but to register orindicate the sum of their several different values.

So far as I am aware I am the first in the art to combine a motor of anysort with an escapement mechanism of any sort holding it in check, and aseries of keys of different values co operating with the escapementmechanism in any manner to cause the latter, when two or more keys aresimultaneously operated, to release the motor and permit it to move adistance proportionate to the sum of the values of the operated keys, toadd such sum upon a register or for any other desired purpose, and Idesire to broadly secure such combination as my invention, irrespectiveof the construction and arrangement of the various parts employed. So,too, I be lieve I am the first in the art to combine a motor with aseries of escapement wheels holding it in check and a series of keys ofdifferent values co-operating with the different escapement wheels insuch manner as to permit the motor, when a given key is operated, tomove a distance determined by the particular escapement wheelcorresponding to such operated key, and I desire to secure this and theother combinations set forth in my claims as broadly as the terms of thelatter imply.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is 1. Thecombination of a motor, an escapement mechanism holding it in check, anda series of keys of different values co-operating with the escapementmechanism to cause the latter, When two or more keys are operated atonce, to release the motor and permit it to move a distanceproportionate to the sum of the different values of the operated keys,substantially as described.

2. The combination of a motor, a series of escapement wheels holding itin check, and a series of keys of different values co-operating with therespective wheels to permit the motor, when a given key is operated, tomove a distance determined by the escapement wheel corresponding to suchoperated key, said motor moving different distances at the operations ofdifferent keys substantially as described.

3. The combination of a motor, a train of escapement wheels connected atone end with the motor and at the other to a fixed point, for holdingthe motor in check, and a series of keys of different valuesco-operating with the escapement wheels to permit the motor, when agiven key is operated, to move a distance proportionate to the value ofsuch key, said motor moving different distances at the operations ofdifferent keys substantially as described.

4. The combination of a motor, a train of escapem ent wheels mountedside by side upon a single shaft or axis and connected at one end withthe motor and at the other to a fixed point, for holding the motor incheck, and a series of keys of different values co-operating with theescapement wheels to release the motor and permit it to move differentdegrees proportionate to the values of the operated keys, said motormoving different distances at the operations of different keyssubstantially as described.

5. The combination of a motor, an escapement mechanism holding it incheck, said escapement mechanism embodying two wheels, one movable bythe motor and the other relatively fixed, two stops upon the fixedwheels, a lug or projection upon the other wheel cooperating with saidstop to limit the m0vement of the movable wheel when the latter isreleased and turned by the motor, and an operating key and connectionscontrolling the movable wheel, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a motor, an escapement mechanism holding it incheck, said mechanism embodying a train of connected wheels arranged inpairs, the first wheel of each pair being movable With the motor, andthe other wheel being relatively fixed and movable only with the movablewheel of the next adjacent pair, a pair of stops upon the fixed wheeland a co-operating projection upon the movable wheel of each pair, and aseries of keys of different values cooperating with the movable wheelsof the several pairs to cause them to permit the motor to move differentdegrees proportionate to the values of the operated keys, substantiallyas de scribed.

'7. In a registering machine, the combination of the disksE and G one ofwhich is laterally movable relatively to the other and one provided witha detent and the other with cooperating receptacles or notches, the stopg on disk G and relatively stationary stops K K, the spring I forturning the disk Gin one direction and a motor for turning the disk E inthe opposite direction, and a register actuated by the motor,substantially as described.

8. In a registering machine, the combination with disks B and E and thedetents carried by the latter, of disks F and G, the spring I, and thelimiting stops; substantially as described.

9. In a registering machine, the combina tion of the disk E and itsdetents, the disks F and G spring I, the limiting stops and the springsfor pressing the disks E and F toward each other; substantially asdescribed.

10. In a registering machine, the combination of the disks E and Fhaving the peripheral notches or teeth, the detents on the disk E, thenotched 0r toothed disk G, spring I and limiting stops carried by thedisk F and the Wedge shaped blocks carrying the projecting pins forseparating the disks E and F and locking them from forward rotationWhile separated; substantially as described.

11. In a registering machine, the combination of the prime mover, of theshaft A, the disks B, E, F, G and the detents, springs and limitingstops carried thereby, of the second series of disks E F G and theirdetents, springs and limiting stops with the register, the key leversand the separating and locking blocks 1' N operated by the key levers;substantially as described.

THOMAS J. LOCKWOOD. Witnesses:

H. S. RIOHMAN, ED. R. TEMPLER.

